欧盟调整碳边境调节机制 (CBAM)：对出口到欧盟的商品征收碳排放税。

The European Union's Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM) is a proposed tax and carbon price reform aimed at reducing carbon emissions associated with imports into the EU [1]. For countries like Vietnam, which heavily rely on exporting to the EU, CBAM can have significant implications for businesses. In this blog post, we will explore the key implications of CBAM on big EU-exporting industries in Vietnam and provide strategies for businesses to address the challenges posed by CBAM.

Increased Cost of Compliance

CBAM is designed to prevent carbon leakage and create a level playing field by imposing a carbon price on imported goods based on their embedded carbon emissions. Big EU-exporting industries in Vietnam may face increased costs due to the additional carbon pricing requirements [3]. To mitigate this challenge, businesses should consider implementing measures to reduce their carbon footprint and improve carbon efficiency throughout their supply chains. This can involve adopting cleaner production technologies, investing in renewable energy sources, or optimising logistics to minimise emissions.

Disrupted Competitive Advantage

Vietnamese industries that have traditionally enjoyed a competitive advantage in the EU market due to lower production costs might face a loss of competitiveness under CBAM [2]. This is because businesses from countries with more stringent environmental regulations and lower carbon emissions might have an edge in terms of pricing. To address this challenge, businesses should focus on enhancing their environmental performance and sustainability practices. Emphasising eco-friendly certifications, promoting green products, and actively communicating their commitment to reducing carbon emissions can help maintain competitiveness.

Administrative Burden and Compliance

Implementing CBAM will require businesses to provide accurate data on the carbon intensity of their goods. This can pose an administrative burden, especially for smaller companies with limited resources [5]. It is essential for businesses to establish robust internal systems for carbon accounting and reporting. Seeking expert guidance, collaborating with industry associations, or utilising specialised software can streamline the compliance process and ensure accurate carbon measurements and reporting.

Market Diversification

To mitigate the potential negative impacts of CBAM, businesses should consider diversifying their export markets beyond the EU. By expanding into other regions, such as Asia or North America, companies can reduce their dependence on the EU market and mitigate the risk of trade conflicts or disruptions caused by CBAM [4]. Conducting market research, identifying new growth opportunities, and developing tailored strategies for specific markets will help businesses adapt to changing trade dynamics.

Collaboration and Advocacy

Given the concerns regarding CBAM’s compatibility with WTO law and the potential for trade conflicts [6], businesses should actively engage in collaborative efforts and advocacy. This can involve working with industry associations, chambers of commerce, and government agencies to represent the interests of EU-exporting industries in Vietnam. Engaging in dialogue, providing feedback during the policy development process, and proposing alternatives or exemptions for vulnerable industries can help shape CBAM’s implementation in a way that minimises negative impacts.

Conclusion

The introduction of CBAM poses significant challenges for big EU-exporting industries in Vietnam. However, with proactive measures, businesses can navigate these challenges and turn them into opportunities. By embracing sustainable practices, improving carbon efficiency, diversifying markets, and actively participating in advocacy efforts, businesses can mitigate the impact of CBAM and ensure long-term competitiveness in the evolving global trade landscape.